Commercial Debt Collection Statutes for New Mexico

Commercial Debt Collection Statutes for: New Mexico

As used in the Collection Agency Regulatory Act:

C. “Collection agency” means any person engaging in business for the purpose of collecting or attempting to collect, directly or indirectly, debts owed or due or asserted to be owed or due another, where such person is so engaged by two or more creditors. The term also includes any creditor who, in the process of collecting his own debts, uses any name other than his own which would indicate that a third person is collecting or attempting to collect such debts.

F. “Debt” means any obligation or alleged obligation of a debtor to pay money arising out of a transaction in which the money, property, insurance or services which are the subject of the transaction are primarily for personal, family or household purposes, whether or not such obligation has been reduced to judgment.

G. “Debt collector” means a collection agency, a re-possessor, a manager, a solicitor, and any attorney-at-law collecting a debt as an attorney on behalf of and in the name of a client.

H. “Debtor” means any natural person obligated or allegedly obligated to pay any debt.

K. “Person” means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, joint-stock company, trust where the interests of the beneficiaries are evidenced by a security, unincorporated organization, government or political subdivision of a government.

M. “Solicitor” means a natural person who, through lawful means, communicates with debtors or solicits the payment of debts for a collection agency licensee by the use of telephone, personal contact, letters or other methods of collection conducted from and within the licensee’s office.

N.M. Stat. Ann. § 61-18A-2(C), (F)-(H), (K), (M) (West, WESTLAW through laws eff. Mar. 4, 2008 of the 2nd Reg. Sess.).

NEW MEXICO – Exemptions

The term does not include:

• (1) Any officer or employee of a creditor while, in the name of the creditor, collecting debts for such creditor.
• (2) Any person while collecting debts for another person, both of whom are related by common ownership or affiliated by corporate control, if the person collects debts only for persons to whom it is so related or affiliated and if the principal business of such person is not the collection of debts.
• (3) Any officer or employee of the United States, any state, or any political subdivision thereof to the extent that collecting or attempting to collect any debt is in the performance of his official duties.
• (4) Any person while serving or attempting to serve legal process on any other person in connection with the judicial enforcement of any debt.
• (5) Any nonprofit organization which, at the request of debtors, performs bona fide consumer credit counseling and assists debtors in the liquidation of their debts by receiving payments from such debtors and distributing such amounts to creditors.
• (6) Any attorney-at-law collecting a debt as an attorney on behalf of and in the name of a client.
• (7) Any person collecting or attempting to collect any debt owed or due or asserted to be owed or due to another to the extent such activity:
  • (a) is incidental to a bona fide fiduciary obligation or a bona fide escrow arrangement;
  • (b) concerns a debt which was originated by such person;
  • (c) concerns a debt which was not in default at the time it was obtained by such person;
  • (d) concerns a debt obtained by such person as a secured party in a commercial credit transaction involving the creditor.

N.M. Stat. Ann. § 61-18A-2(C) (West, WESTLAW through laws eff. Mar. 4, 2008 of the 2nd Reg. Sess.).

What is the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act?

The U.S. Congress enacted the FDCPA in 1977 and added it to the Consumer Credit Protection Act in 1978. Its purpose is to eliminate abusive practices of third-party debt collectors. To that end, the Act establishes guidelines for the conduct of debt collectors, defines the rights of consumers, and prescribes penalties for violations.

The FDCPA defines “debt collectors” as “any person who uses any instrumentality of interstate commerce or the mails in any business the principal purpose of which is the collection of any debt … asserted to be owed or due another.”

“Consumers” and “debt” covered under the FDCPA are defined as specifically referring to personal, family, or household transactions. Therefore, debts owed by businesses or by individuals for business purposes (commercial debts) are not subject to the FDCPA.

So, if the FDCPA does not apply to commercial debt collection by third parties, how are commercial collectors regulated?

There are no U.S. federal laws, similar to the FDCPA, that regulate third-party commercial (business-to-business) debt collection or provide guidelines for the conduct of commercial debt collectors.

Who is protecting the rights of commercial creditors and debtors?

Commercial Collection Agency Association

The premier body governing the activities of commercial debt collectors is the Commercial Collection Agency Association (CCAA), an arm of the Commercial Law League of America (CLLA). These organizations are not government bodies, nor do they have any jurisdiction over non-members. However, both require high standards of practice and ethics in order for a commercial collection agency to become a certified member.

The Commercial Collection Agency Association was established in 1972 to “improve the quality and reputation of the commercial collection industry.” It currently has more than 200 members. Approximately 100 core members represent the most prestigious commercial collection agencies in the United States.

The CCAA is an arm of the Commercial Law League of America (CLLA), the oldest creditor’s rights organization in the country established in 1895.

Membership in the CCAA

• The agency must have been in business at least four years prior to application for membership.
• 80% of the agency’s business must be commercial (business-to-business).
• The agency must maintain a separate Trust Account into which all monies belonging to creditors are placed. This Trust Account is reviewed twice annually by the Executive Director of the CCAA.
• The agency must agree to abide by the CCAA Code of Ethics, which sets ethical standards for dealing with creditors, debtors, and attorneys.
• Executives of the agency must meet continuing educational requirements and attend regular CCAA meetings. The member agency must complete sixty continuing educational credits annually.
• The agency must post a surety bond of at least $300,000 for the protection of the creditors it serves.
• One person in the agency must also be a member of the Commercial Law League of America.
• The agency must agree to random periodic site visits from the CCAA Executive Director.
• The agency must be in compliance with all local and state licensing requirements and regulations governing commercial collection firms.

Primarily, the Commercial Law League of America and its Commercial Collection Agency Association have assumed responsibility for looking after the needs and rights of creditors and their customers/debtors. State governments that require licensing and bonding of commercial debt collectors also play an important role.

However, since membership in the CCAA is not compulsory, and some firms may provide collection services in a state but never get licensed, it is up to creditors to ensure they (and their debtors) are receiving the most ethical and highest level of commercial collection service.

Burt And Associates is a member of both CCAA and CLLA. Also, we are licensed and bonded in all 50 states (where required).